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The People and Teams Behind Computing
Computing was built by mathematicians, engineers, programmers, operators, funders and hobbyists. Here is who they were and how to read their stories fairly.
People and Ideas
People and Teams
The many people, often in teams, behind computing, including those history overlooked.
Ada Lovelace: Notes, Ideas and Legacy
Ada Lovelace annotated a paper on Babbage's Analytical Engine in 1843. This article explains her notes, her ideas, and the debate over how original they were.
Black Mathematicians and Engineers in Computing History
Black mathematicians, engineers and scientists contributed to computing and spaceflight despite segregation and discrimination. A careful look at what is known.
Computing Beyond the United States and Britain
Early computer projects also began in Germany, the Soviet Union, Australia, Japan, the Netherlands and elsewhere. Here is a survey and why they are often overlooked.
Grace Hopper and the Idea of the Compiler
Grace Hopper helped show that programs could be written in readable terms and translated by the machine. Here is her work, its context, and its limits.
Hobbyist Clubs and the Communities That Spread Computing
From IBM user groups to the Homebrew Computer Club, clubs and newsletters let early computer users share know-how long before home computing became common.
The Women Programmers of the Early Electronic Era
Women set up and programmed many of the first large electronic machines, from ENIAC to wartime code-breaking, yet were often left out of the credit.
Why Computing Was Built by Teams, Not Lone Inventors
ENIAC, the transistor, the integrated circuit, the internet and the web all came from shared effort. Examples show why credit in computing is spread across many.
Women Who Shaped Computing
A broad look at women in computing, from Ada Lovelace and Grace Hopper to software engineers, theorists and network designers, with context on their careers.
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