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The Early Days of Computer Music: A Computing Pioneer
A plain-language history of computers making and processing sound, from experiments in the early 1950s to synthesis research, studio tools and home machines.
Software and Applications
Sound and Speech
Computers making music and understanding spoken words.
The Early Days of Computer Speech Recognition: A Computing Pioneer
How early machines recognized a handful of spoken words, why speech was so hard for computers, and how research slowly led to everyday voice dictation and assistants.
The Early Days of Computer-Generated Music: A Computing Pioneer
How early programs composed with rules and chance, from the Illiac Suite to stochastic music, and why people still argue about whether the results count as music.
Related topics
More in software and applications
Engineering Software Computers as tools for design, simulation and making things. Graphics and Games Pictures, animation, games and virtual worlds made by computers. Business Software How firms came to track customers, money and marketing with computers. Learning and Language Computers used for teaching and translating. Programming Languages How people came to write instructions for machines, and why so many languages exist. Video Game History Themes in the history of games: consoles, home coders, genres and sound.